Kev kho mob siv titanium

Titanium yog dab tsi?

Cov ntaub ntawv titanium tau siv nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub rau lub sijhawm ntev. Xyoo 1930 yog qhov pib ntawm cov khoom siv kho mob niaj hnub no. Thaum pib, stainless hlau tau tsim los siv rau hauv kev kho mob thiab cog cov ntawv thov. Ib qho alloy ua los ntawm cobalt yog cov khoom siv thib ob. Titanium thiab nws cov alloy tau dhau los ua lub cim tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv hlau hlau nyob ib puag ncig xyoo 1960. Txij li thaum nws cov tsos zoo nkauj tshaj plaws, titanium tau pom los ua ib qho kev xav tsis thoob hlau thiab tau txais kev xav dav dav.

Vim li cas titanium thiaj li tshwj xeeb?

Titaniumyog ib qho kev hloov pauv hlau uas muaj lub zog siab thiab qhov ntom ntom. Nyob rau hauv ntau yam mob, nws tiv taus corrosion. Hauv particular, titanium yog latent thiab resistant rau lub cev kua thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Cov no yog cov purported biocompatibility thiab kev siv obstruction. Lawv yog cov kev cai tseem ceeb rau kev siv tshuaj.

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm titanium, stainless hlau, thiab cobalt-alloy yog teev nyob rau hauv Table 1. Qhov ceev qis tshaj plaws yog 4.51 g / cm -3 rau titanium, thaum qhov ceev tshaj plaws yog 8 g / cm -3 rau stainless hlau. Titanium muaj ntau zog-rau-qhov sib piv ntawm 76 kNm / kg rau tib lub zog tensile. Nrog lub zog / ntom ntawm 63 kNm / kg, nws yog 20 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj zog. Titanium's elastic modulus tus nqi tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm cobalt-alloy thiab pa stainless hlau. Nws tseem ceeb dua li tib neeg pob txha. Tsis tas li ntawd, titanium muaj tsawg thermal expansion thiab conductivity, ua rau nws tsis-ferromagnetic.

Titanium thiab nws cov khoom sib xyaw muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov leeg nqaij noj qab haus huv, ntxig, thiab ua tib zoo ntsuas thaj chaw. Baoji City Changsheng Titanium Co., Ltd. ltd yog cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov chaw muag khoom ntawm titanium thiab Cu-Ni hlau zeb thiab cov khoom tiav nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm cov qib, qhov ntev, thiab cov khoom zeb.

Tus nqi qis tshaj plaws thiab siab tshaj plaws engineering qauv rau hlau yog muab rau lub lag luam los ntawm baoji nroog changsheng titanium co. ltd, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm Tuam Tshoj tus titanium ntau lawm. Nco ntsoov tias peb tsis tuaj yeem ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov nqi thiab qhov zoo peb tau nthuav tawm peb cov nqi lav kom ntseeg tau. Titanium yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm titanium thiab CuNi zeb thiab cov khoom lag luam tiav thoob ntiaj teb.

Dab tsi yog qhov ceev ntawm titanium?

Vim tias nws nyuaj rau kev rho tawm, titanium hlau tsis yog pheej yig li hlau, yog li nws cov ntawv thov nyiam tshwj xeeb. Cov khoom ntawm titanium hlau yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Zoo ib yam li txhuas, nws tsim ib txheej txheej tiv thaiv oxide los tiv thaiv corrosion, ua rau nws xyaum tsis muaj zog. Vim tias nws muaj qhov ntom ntawm 4.5 grams ib cm3, uas yog qis dua li cov hlau, titanium alloys tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam aerospace. Nws tau siv los ua ntau yam ntawm SR-71 Blackbird, uas yog lub dav hlau ceev tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Nws kuj tau siv los ua ntau lub cav thiab airframe ntawm cov dav hlau loj loj xws li Airbuses thiab 747s.

Vim nws tsis kam rau dej hiav txwv, cov hlau no yog siv rau hauv marine daim ntaub ntawv xws li propeller shafts. Nws kuj tau hais tias cov Russians siv nws los tsim submarines. Titanium tsis muaj tshuaj lom, thiab nws tsis raug tso tawm los ntawm lub cev. Vim tias nws tseem txuas rau pob txha, nws tau siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem phais xws li kev cog hniav thiab kev sib koom ua ke, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov pob qij txha.

Vim li cas titanium siv rau cog?

Kev ua lag luam rau kev cog hniav, uas kwv yees tias muaj nqis kwv yees li $ 4.6 nphom thoob ntiaj teb, tau qhib lub qhov rooj rau qhov muaj peev xwm los kho tus neeg mob kho hniav thiab ua haujlwm [6]. Vim lawv cov biocompatibility thiab tus nqi qis, titanium implants yog cov khoom siv feem ntau hauv khw.

Titanium yog cov khoom siv bioinert, pib xyaum tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub so ntswg. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm hais tias cov ntaub ntawv piav qhia txog ntau qhov txiaj ntsig zoo, nws tsis tuaj yeem koom ua ke zoo nrog cov pob txha thiab gingival cov ntaub so ntswg yam tsis muaj kev kho kom zoo, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kev cog qoob loo tsis ua haujlwm. Kev tsis zoo osseointegration yog qhov ua rau cov kev ua tsis tiav, uas cuam tshuam rau kev cog qoob loo ruaj khov hauv cov pob txha thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov txheej txheem inflammatory hauv qhov chaw peri-implant [7]. Cov kev kho deg sib txawv los tiv thaiv kev tsim cov kab mob phem biofilms thiab txhim kho osseointegration tau raug kawm raws li kev txo cov teeb meem no. Nanotechnology tau tsim cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho hniav, muaj kev xaiv xa cov chaw nrog ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom siv hluavtaws los ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv biocompatible zoo.

Puas yog phais titanium magnetic?

Hlau implants yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yooj yim rau cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm implant migration thiab radiofrequency (RF) induced cua sov, ob qho tib si muaj peev xwm ua mob rau cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig vim hais tias MRI tshuab siv cov hlau nplaum muaj zog [11].

Kev cog qoob loo uas ruaj khov rau cov pob txha tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm MRI-induced hloov chaw, raws li kev tshawb fawb [1,12]. Muab qhov tsis muaj kev ntsuam xyuas tsis tu ncua, X-ray tsis pom zoo nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm tom qab kev phais mob hauv cov neeg mob uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam xws li curls, channels, thiab stents [6]. Vim hais tias cov implants eddy tam sim no nyob rau tib lub sij hawm rau lub scanner static magnetic teb, RF cua sov yog theoretically ua tau. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua tus khub kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias qhov kev hloov pauv kub no tsis tseem ceeb, ua rau pom tias kev txhawj xeeb txog cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm RF ua kom sov yog tsis muaj tseeb.

Cov duab kos duab tshwm sim los ntawm kev cog hniav hlau tuaj yeem ua rau cov txiaj ntsig tau raug txhais yuam kev. Los ntawm optimizing scanning tsis thiab hloov magnetic resonance pulse sequences, thev naus laus zis nce qib tuaj yeem txo cov duab distortion. Cov kws kho mob yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov zoo ntawm kev yees duab nrog rau qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm implant-induced duab distortion thaum txiav txim siab seb puas yuav ua MRIs rau cov neeg mob.

MRI's magnetic teb tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau titanium vim nws yog cov khoom siv paramagnetic. MRI tuaj yeem siv tau nyab xeeb rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kev cog qoob loo vim tias muaj kev pheej hmoo tsawg heev ntawm cov teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm kev cog qoob loo. Txawm li cas los xij, alloys yog siv los ua cov titanium daim hlau uas siv rau hauv thaj chaw craniofacial. Vim tias qhov cuam tshuam ntawm MRI yog cuam tshuam los ntawm kev faib ua feem ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, yuav tsum muaj kev tshawb fawb ntau dua.

Counterfeit sib koom thiab Clinical embed

Tag nrho cov pej xeem yog kev vam meej hauv xyoo. Peb xav nyob ntev dua thiab ua lub neej nquag niaj hnub no. Kev sib tw kis las, kev sib tw tsheb, thiab lwm yam kev sib tsoo txhua yam ua rau raug mob. Kom meej meej, qhov kev txaus siab ntawm kev sib koom ua ke cuav tseem tab tom txhim kho. Titanium thiab nws cov khoom sib xyaw feem ntau tau siv los tsim cov khoom siv kos duab, piv txwv li, cov pob txha daim hlau, cov ntsia hlau rau kho cov pob txha, lub plawv valve prostheses, pacemakers, thiab lub siab lub ntsws yog tag nrho cov piv txwv ntawm cov pob qij txha. Ntau tshaj 100 lab tus neeg mob thoob ntiaj teb tau txais kev kho mob hloov pauv txhua xyoo, thiab ntau dua 1, 000 tons ntawm titanium tau muab tso rau hauv cov neeg mob lub cev.

Cov hlau cog no yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo li tus neeg kho tshuab hauv ib txoj hauv kev kom lawv cov dej num thaum siv. Thaum peb ua haujlwm txhua hnub, peb khoov, twist, nyem, thiab cog lus rau peb cov leeg. Thaum muaj kev qaug zog, kev puas tsuaj, thiab kev cuam tshuam, cov khoom siv dag zog yuav tsum tsis txhob deteriorate. Titanium yog 50 feem pua ​​​​sib dua li stainless hlau thiab muaj lub zog-rau-qhov sib piv uas yog 20 feem pua ​​​​siab dua. Nws muaj zog dua thiab sib dua. Thaum lub sij hawm embed nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, nws yuav txo lub cev loads. Cov neeg mob yuav muaj peev xwm txav tau yooj yim dua. Nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog thiab tib neeg lub cev, yuav muaj kev nruj. Ib qho kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv cov qauv elastic yog qhov ua rau lub npe hu ua kev ntxhov siab. Los ntawm cov lus 1, peb tuaj yeem pom tias titanium muaj qhov hloov pauv tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm peb cov ntaub ntawv no. Lub titanium implant thiab tib neeg cov pob txha yog ntau dua mechanically sib xws.

Physiologically, lub cev tsis lees paub qhov tsis paub. Tom qab cog kev phais, kev kho mob o, liab, thiab khaus khaus feem ntau tshwm sim thaum stainless hlau thiab co-alloy yog siv los ua biomaterials. Titanium thiab nws cov alloys paub zoo rau lawv cov kev lom neeg tsis muaj zog. Lawv tsis tshua muaj resistant rau corrosion nyob rau hauv tib neeg cov ntshav immersion ib puag ncig. Nws tawm tsam tib neeg cov ntshav thiab cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm tes zoo tag nrho, lav qhov zoo sib xws. Muaj kev xyaum tsis muaj kab mob thiab cov lus teb tsis zoo, uas ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg mob rov zoo. Titanium ntau daim ntawv thov yog raws li qhov no.

Vim tias nws cov biocompatibility zoo dua, kev lag luam ntshiab titanium (Cp Ti) feem ntau suav tias yog tus neeg sib tw zoo tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, ELI alloys Ti-6Al-7Nb, Ti-13Nb-13Zr, Ti-12Mo-6Zr, thiab Ti{ {6}}Al-4V kuj tseem siv dav hauv kev cog ntoo kho mob. Ua tib zoo saib ntawm peb qhov chaw nug txog peb cov khoom sib txawv!

Khoom siv rau orthopedics Kev kho pob txha deformities yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm orthopedics. Txhawm rau pab lub cev twisted rov qab mus rau nws txoj haujlwm qub, yuav tsum muaj zog sab nraud. Cov khoom siv kho mob rau cov leeg nqaij yuav tsum tau muab kev txhawb nqa thiab nco qab lub xeev txoj cai ntawm lub cev. Lwm yam tshaj li hnav thaiv thiab yaig tawm tsam, cov khoom tshiab xav tau ntawm no yog lub cim xeeb zoo. Cov duab nco alloys ua los ntawm titanium thiab npib tsib xee muaj ob qho tib si lub zog thiab lub cim xeeb. Ti-Ni alloy yog tam sim no siv los ua cov pob txha daim hlau, intramedullary rau tes, mandibular internal fixation, scoliosis kho, thiab lwm yam khoom siv zoo sib xws.

Kev kho hniav implants muaj lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv. Muaj peb hom kev kho hniav embed: zygomatic, osseointegrated, thiab ib tug mini-implant rau orthodontic anchorage. Titanium tau siv los ua cov yas yas, cov ntsia hlau ntsia hlau, cov ntsia hlau ruaj khov, cov plooj (porcelain spans), cov cement spans, cov hniav hloov kho hniav, cov hauv paus, cov khoom siv sib cuam tshuam thiab cov khoom siv dag zog. Titanium tau siv los npog ze li ntawm txhua qhov hlau ntawm cov hniav hniav.

Cia peb pib nrog tus qauv osseointegration. Ib "hauv paus," lossis "noob," yuav xub muab tso rau hauv lub puab tsaig pob txha los ntawm kws kho mob. Tom qab nws settles down, lub superstructure ntawm tus hniav yuav khi nrog lub embed. Tom qab ntawd, tus hniav tshiab yuav txhim kho saum nws. Ntawm no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw kho mob embed thiab kho hniav embed. Ib qho kev kho mob cog yog ib qho "kua nplaum" lossis "ntsia hlau" siv los txuas cov ntaub so ntswg nyuaj lossis hloov cov ntaub so ntswg puas. Txawm li cas los xij, kev kho hniav embed pab tsim tshiab nrog kev txhim kho. Zoo heev li!

Cov txheej txheem "yooj yim" no yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv thermal thiab biocompatibility zoo heev. Thaum haus kua zaub thiab noj khov yogurt cov tib neeg yuav hnov ​​​​qhov kub thiab txias, tab sis cov kev xav no yog los ntawm lub qhov ncauj tsis yog cov hniav. Yuav tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa rau kev noj qab haus huvcov hniav.

Titanium nthuav dav me ntsis thaum cua sov. Thaum lub sij hawm thaum titanium-raws li embed siv raws li ib tug "hauv paus", nws yuav tsis loj hlob los yog shrivel nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub qhov ncauj. Cov hniav uas tsis ntev los no yuav nyob qhov twg nws yuav tsum yog. Titanium muaj thermal conductivity tsuas yog ib feem tsib ntawm stainless hlau, ib feem peb ntawm txhuas, thiab ib nrab ntawm tooj liab. Nws yuav tsis ua raws li cov qauv ntawm cov hniav tiag tiag thaum siv los ua lub kaus mom. Cov ntaub qhwv hniav tuaj yeem tiv thaiv los ntawm tshav kub thiab txias stimulation los ntawm titanium.

Precision casting titanium yog siv hauv kev kho hniav vim nws muaj qhov tseeb qhov tseeb, tsis muaj shrinkage, thiab tsis muaj npuas. Txog tam sim no, 4 nyiaj txiag tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj titanium (Cp Ti) yog siv tshwj xeeb rau kev kho hniav embed daim ntaub ntawv. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv ASTM qib los ntawm 1 txog 4. Lawv txhua tus muaj qib qis ntawm hluav taws xob conductivity, siab erosion tawm tsam, thermodynamic lub xeev ntawm physiological pH qhov tseem ceeb, tsis tshua muaj particle propensity nyob rau hauv cov dej tej yam kev mob thiab isoelectric point ntawm oxide ntawm 5-6.

Purity txo qis thiab lub zog nce ntawm qib 1 thiab 4. Qib 2 titanium yog lub hnub qub uas paub zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv kho hniav. Nws muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus lub zog ntawm 275 MPa uas yog sib npaug rau tempered austenitic hardened steels. Thaum xav tau lub zog siab dua, titanium ua ke tuaj yeem siv tau. Lwm cov alloys, xws li Ti-6Al-4V, kuj tau siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntsiab lus.

Cov cuab yeej phais

Thawj tiam ntawm cov cuab yeej phais tau ua los ntawm cov hlau, tab sis lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo tsis yog qhov sib npaug nrog kev siv tshuaj kho mob tom qab electroplating. Feem ntau ua rau muaj kab mob. Thib ob tiam stainless hlau yog austenitic, tab sis cov ntsiab lus chromium yog tshuaj lom thiab muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau lub cev.

Mechanical zog thiab ductility yog thawj yam uas yuav tsum tau muab coj los xav thaum ua cov cuab yeej phais. Cov hlau tseem ceeb yog qhov yooj yim kom ua raws li qhov xav tau yam tsis muaj kev tso cai. Scalpels, tweezers, thiab txiab yog cov piv txwv ntawm cov cuab yeej phais yooj yim uas ntev thiab nyias. Lub cuab yeej yuav tsum muaj qee lub zog kom ua haujlwm zoo. Lawv yuav tsum nruj txaus thiab tsis txhob tawg thaum lub sij hawm kho mob. Rau cov cuab yeej phais, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus uas yuav tsum tau muaj yog 100 GPa. Lub modulus ntawm titanium yog 116 GPa.

Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm kho mob, cov cuab yeej qhia ncaj qha rau cov ntaub so ntswg nyob. Nws yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion, biocompatibility, thiab cov khoom sib nqus. Titanium tsis muaj tshuaj lom rau tib neeg cov ntaub so ntswg. Nws yuav tsis coj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv insusceptible. Chav khiav hauj lwm qee zaus ntsib cov hlau nplaum. Piv txwv li, X-ray tsim ib qho chaw txaus nyiam nyob ib ncig ntawm 1.5 Tesla. Qhov chaw txaus nyiam no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov cuab yeej ceev faj hauv ntau txoj hauv kev, suav nrog: teeb meem kev txav los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm magnetic teb (cov nyhuv missile), ntsuas kub los ntawm kev tso tawm ntawm lub xov tooj cua zaus (RF) lub zog, thiab cov cuab yeej ntsig txog kev yees duab Titanium yog tsis txaus nyiam, vam khom kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kev ua si. Vim tias nws tsis yog hlau nplaum, nws kuj tshem tawm qhov ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me.

Sterilization yog nqa tawm los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj tua hluav taws kub ntawm qhov kub siab tom qab kev phais. Cov tshuaj ntxuav sib txawv yog siv los ntxuav cov kab mob thiab kab mob. Lub ntsuas qhov loj me thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsum tsis txhob hloov tom qab rov ua dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj kev puas tsuaj me ntsis. Txhua zaus tus kws phais siv lub cuab yeej, lawv xav tau nws ua haujlwm kom raug. Kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm titanium thiab titanium alloys yog zoo heev. Qhov kawg tab sis tsis kawg, titanium qhov hnyav qis ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau kev phais mob. Kev ua haujlwm kub tuaj yeem nyob qhov twg los ntawm 150 txog 500 degrees Celsius. Tus kws phais neeg qaug zog tuaj yeem txo tau los ntawm kev siv cov cuab yeej phais mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov txheej txheem ntev.

Kev kho mob titanium thiab titanium alloys yog cov hlau zoo uas nquag siv hauv cov khoom siv kho mob. Laser cathodes, kho hniav xyaum thiab forceps yog nquag tsim siv titanium.

Baoji City Changsheng Titanium Co., Ltd. yog cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov chaw muag khoom uas muab cov kev daws teeb meem rau tus kheej rau ntau yam kev siv. Peb koom tes nrog koj nyob rau txhua theem ntawm kev tsim khoom los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom kawg ua tau raws li koj qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Tiv tauj peb los yog thov ib daim ntawv tso cai tam sim ntawd kom paub ntau ntxiv.

Cov ntaub ntawv: https://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/22/titanium

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9104688/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6369045/